Iran al-Dawla Jannat

Iran al-Dawlih-yi Qajar, Banu Fasl-i Bahar (1840-1900), daughter of Sultan Husayn Mirza Nayyir al-Dawlih, granddaughter of the Qajar Fath'ali Shah, a poetess whose nom de plume was Jannat ("Paradise"), had been granted the title Iran al-Dawla, and was mainly well-known as Fasl-i Bahar Khanum. She was an artistically inclined lover of literature and a contemporary of Malik al-Shu'ara' Bahar, Mirzadih-yi 'Ishqi, Shams al-Shu'ara' Malikara, and Mirza 'Ali Akbar Shayda. On her mother's line, she was a granddaughter of Farhad Mirza Mu'tamad al-DAwla, son of the Qajar 'Abbas Mirza. She learned what was commonly taught other children of nobility and as she had developed an interest in literature and poetry, she embarked upon studying the Divans of distinguished Persian poets. She followed the model of the classical poets, was acquainted with French, cookbooks, and homemaking manuals. She was also a skillful painter and musician. Having learned painting from Kamal al-Mulk, she traveled to Europe to further her painting studies. She died in Tehran at the age of 64 and was buried at the Shrine of Ma'sumih in Qum. Her work, entitled Bahar-i Jannat, including ghazals, quatrains, and pentastichic poems (mukhammas), running to 600 couplets, appeared in 1977.

Zanan-i Sukhanvar (1, 154-161); Karnama-yi Zanan-i Kara-yi Iran az Diruz ta Imruz (132-133).